Other than that it is a little lighter than the pixi Overnight Retinol Oil, but for me comparable in the fact that I had no irritation and only very weak results. Healthy Rewards. Keep in mind that you would need to apply any topical skincare targetted at hypigmentation consistently for a couple of months to get a result. If you want to avoid irritation, layering it on top of a moisturizer can be very helpful. retinol. VAT, free shipping from 24,50 within Germany. It's a nice, basic oil that is often used duetoits greatsmoothing, softening and moisturizing properties. We will ask you to log in & agree to our community guidelines.

Everyone thinks I've had Botox ! I use 1.maybe 2 drops. The fatty acids attached to the glycerin vary and thus we have many kinds of oils, but they are alltriglycerides. is especially high in linoleic acid that is great even for acne-prone skin. Helps to soften the upper layer of the skin and supports the skin barrier function to keep it hydrated. The following ingredients in this product do the job: Step 1: Warm a few drops in your hands and gently press onto skin. Tip: Use after cleansing and toning before moisturizing. Wrong retinol especially ones that say overnight mean AT NIGHT - or whenever it is you sleep. InMatrixyl 3000,Palmitoyl Tripeptide-1 is coupled withPalmitoyl Tetrapeptide-7and the duo works in synergy to reduce wrinkles and give younger looking skin. By doing so, they can lessen the damage the skin gets from the UV light (sun). What's more, the anti-aging effectiveness is not the only questionable thing about RP. Helps reduce water loss from the outer layer of skin. Would you like to visit our International Website? It's uniquely excellent at helping the skin with its protective barrier and helping it to stay moisturized. There is also in-vitro data showing that it converts to AA in the skin. 25-30% of human sebum is also wax esters to give uspeople environmental protection. You find that confusing? Leslie Bauman notes in Cosmetic Dermatology that one application of sunflower oil significantly speeds up the recovery of the skin barrier within an hour and sustains the results 5 hours after using it. Vitamin A - the most proven anti-aging ingredient available OTC that can smooth wrinkles and make skin firmer. length, width & height) of a package. iHerb.com I'm not new to retinol, but I'm not using prescription strength either. glass containers, liquids, fragile, refrigerated or ice packed) will often require protective packaging material. it Compared to the pure form it's more stable, has longer shelf life, but it's also more poorly absorbed by the skin.

The unsaturated (with double bonds) and hence less stable version ofSqualane is Squalene, youcan read about it here >>. You've reached the limit of 10 per order. An oil naturally present in skin. Other shipping costs apply for shipping abroad. It is a stable oil, meaning that it retains its properties even when exposed to air. contains Keep in mind that it typically takes at least 6 weeks to notice any results because the changes that are needed glycerin.

It also has high vitamin E content and significant antioxidant properties. Copyright 1997-2022 iHerb, LLC. It is derived from the fatty alcohol lauryl alcoholby ethoxylating it and thus making the molecule a lot more water-soluble. We feel that this one is a bit under the radar probably because the Borage plant is not very well known. retinol. D, (unpaid advertisement bc brand linked/PR/gifted) It is derived from the fatty alcohol lauryl alcoholby ethoxylating it and thus making the molecule a lot more water-soluble. We could find Tetrahexyldecyl Ascorbate mentioned only in one publishedin-vivo study that examined the anti-aging properties of a silicone formula containing 10% AA and 7% ATIP. Because I know I will get that question, I will address it right here in the first sentence: No, I do not know how high the percentage of Retinol in the pixi Overnight Retinol Oil actually is. of use I feel compelled to write this review.

This being said, the exceptionally high turnover at iHerb ensures that our inventory is among the freshest in the industry. The following ingredients - vaccinium macrocarpon seed oil also can have an antioxidant Use: In the PM. Once inside the skin, it hydrates, but not from the outside - putting pure water on the skin (hello long baths!) //cdn.shopify.com/s/files/1/1463/5858/products/OvernightRetinolOil-Close-1-28MAY19-web.jpg?v=1559698642, //cdn.shopify.com/s/files/1/1463/5858/products/Overnight_Retinol_Oil.jpg?v=1638998069, //cdn.shopify.com/s/files/1/1463/5858/products/Overnight-Retinol-Oil.jpg?v=1638998055, //cdn.shopify.com/shopifycloud/shopify/assets/no-image-2048-5e88c1b20e087fb7bbe9a3771824e743c244f437e4f8ba93bbf7b11b53f7824c.gif, https://www.pixibeauty.com/products/overnight-retinol-oil?variant=19576500879456, No, continue on the website for United States. T, It has been hot here the last few days, so the kid. effect, but there is less evidence to confirm their effectiveness in skin. See how we make shopping for wellness even easier. I absolutely love PIXI products, they have transformed my skin. improve fine lines and elasticity happen in the deeper layers of the skin. So great in fact, that it surpasses the penetration of pure vitamin Cthreefold at the same concentration and it penetrates successfully into the deeper layers of the skin (that is usually important to do some anti-aging work). On occasion, manufacturers may improve or change their product formulas and update their labels.

I love to put this on before putting my Derma - E's hylaronic acid on. The most common skincare ingredient of all.

This product can help reduce hypepigmentation and even out the skin tone because it contains the following Sodium hydroxide in itselfis a potent skin irritant, but once it's reacted (as it is usually in skin care products, like exfoliants) it is totallyharmless. and the iHerb.com Trusted Brands. Smoothing night oil. Suitable for all skin types Paraben-free Not tested on animals Volume: 30 ml / 1.01 fl oz. Content on this site is for reference purposes only. This product can help reduce and prevent fine lines and wrinkles, improve skin elasticity and firmness because A white waxy solid that helps water and oilto mix nicely together (emulsifier). It is attached to palmitic acid (a fatty acid) to increase oil solubility and skin penetration. Chemically speaking, it is a saturated (no double bonds) hydrocarbon (a molecule consisting only of carbon and hydrogen), meaning that it's a nice and stable oily liquid with a long shelf life. Prunus amygdalus dulcis (sweet almond) oil, retinyl palmitate, tocopheryl acetate, tetrahexyldecyl ascorbate, retinol, ceramide np, tocopherol, palmitoyl tripeptide-1, palmitoyl tetrapeptide-7, squalane, jasminum officinale (jasmine) flower/leaf extract, vaccinium macrocarpon (cranberry) seed oil, borago officinalis seed oil, simmondsia chinensis (jojoba) seed oil, helianthus annuus (sunflower) seed oil, vitis vinifera (grape) fruit extract, lavandula angustifolia (lavender), flower/leaf/stem extract, eugenia caryophyllus (clove) flower extract, caprylic/capric triglyceride, aqua/water/eau, c12-15 alkyl benzoate, glycerin, polysorbate 20, cetyl palmitate, laureth-23, sorbitan laurate, c18-36 acid triglyceride, c18-36 acid glycol ester, trideceth-6 phosphate, sodium hydroxide, phenoxyethanol, linalool. Improves the shelf life of products. Both of which, technically, dont contain any Retinol. Key to remember it's a retinol product, you just cant slam a bunch on your face night after night. Enhances the product texture and makes it more spreadable. Nor, Im afraid, are there any good reasons to recommend the use of RP". For example, in case of AHA or BHA exfoliants, the right pH is super-duper important, and pH adjusters like sodium hydroxide are needed. wrinkles or fully reverse signs of aging. Extands the shelf life by preventing bacteria growth, A type of peptide. I warm them in my hand and pat around my eyes and forehead. A three amino acid peptide that is part of famous peptide duo, Matrixyl 3000. erase It definitely smooths out the lines on my skin and I have a nice glow in the morning when I wakeup. So after yrs. In addition,vitamin C's three magic properties (antioxidant, collagen booster, skin brightener) are all properly proven in-vivo (on real people), but for the derivatives, it's mostly in-vitro studies or in thecase of ATIP, it's in-vitro and done by an ingredient supplier. GLA is soothing and nourishing, and can repair even severelydry and irritated skin. Upgrade your existing browser using links below. Prices, promotions, styles and availability may vary by store & online. It's an ester form of vitamin A (retinol + palmitic acid) that belongs to the "retinoid family". I will give you an educated guess though, based on my experience using the product and reading ingredient lists, and I will compare it in terms of effect to two other Retinol Oils: Sunday Riley Luna and Instytutum RetinOil. Its safe and gentle, and can be used up to 1% worldwide. The following ingredient (ingredients) in this product might be helpful, but there is no evidence to confirm that it actually can help even out the skin tone: retinyl palmitate. It is important to note that certain types of products (e.g. You only need a few drops to cover your face, so the 30 ml will last you a long time. It helps to smooth and even out skin tone. Be the first to get promo offers straight to your inbox, Your email address will be used to send you Health Newsletters and emails about iHerbs products, services, sales, and special offers. The retinoid family is pretty much the royal family of skincare, with the queen being the FDA-approved anti-aging ingredient tretinoin. It is the richest known plant source of thesuper important essential fatty acid, gamma-linolenic acid (GLA). undefined out of 5 stars with undefined reviews. My favorite night serum. The unrefined version(be sure to use that on your skin!) Please check the checkbox if you want to proceed. It contains a very balanced 1:1 ratio of anti-inflammatory omega-3 (aka linolenic acid) and barrier repairing omega-6 (aka linoleic acid) (30-38%), and also a decent amount of skin-nourishing omega-9, aka oleic acid.

Never run out of your favourite Pixi products. However, in many cosmetic formulations, it is used in a concentration that is too low to have the full effect, A good mix of fatty acids that forms a protective layer on the skin. Sunflower does not need a big intro as you probably use it in the kitchen as cooking oil, or you munch on the seeds as a healthy snack or you adore its big, beautifulyellow flower during the summer - or you do all of these and probably even more. California Gold Nutrition, Omega-3 Premium Fish Oil, 180 EPA / 120 DHA, 100 Fish Gelatin Softgels, Ceramide NP - Provides time-release moisture. Retinylpalmitate is pretty high up the ingredient list, actually the second ingredient, which indicates a high concentration. If you have some pure jojoba oil at home, you should be fine using it for years. Great natural moisturizer and skin-identical ingredient that plays an important role in skin hydration and general skin health. Sorry, there was a problem adding this item to cart. If possible use it at night, just to be on the safe side. Normal (well kind of - it's purified and deionized) water. This product can help improve hydration of the skin with the two types of ingredients. Subscribe to our newsletter and get a one-off 15% now, 20% off to celebrate Lipstick Day | CODE: LIPSTICK, Niche Beauty Summer Bag worth over 290 free with every order from 250, *payment methods may vary depending on your shipping adress. I adore that. It occurs naturally in certain fish and plant oils (e.g. A more stable but less bio-available form of vitamin E compared to Tocopherol. But more of that later, lets talk about the pixi Overnight Retinol Oil first. As we wrote in our lengthy retinol description the problem is that the conversion is not terriblyeffective. Derived from coconut and glycerin, One of the best moisturizing ingredients. Perishable items (such as flax oils or certain probiotics) generally have shorter expiration dates. Softens the upper layer of skin and helps restore the healthy skin barrier. It helps to smooth and even out skin tone. moisture to the outside environment. Even if you heat it to 370 C (698 F) for 96 hours, it does notbudge. We don't have description for this ingredient yet. One of the many types of ceramides that can be found naturally in the upper layer of the skin. An often used emollient with a light and silky feel. Yes, its soap. The richest known plant source of super important essential fatty acid, gamma-linolenic acid (GLA). Pretty much the current IT-preservative. If you are a seasoned retinol user or have bad hyperpigmentation or signs of aging you want to tackle, something else might be better suited to your needs. It's alsoparticularly good at treating dry brittle nails (source). to Other than being a nice emollient plant oil, we also found a research showing that cranberry oil has wound-healing potential. It's thick but I love my serums a bit thicker for a more hydrating feel. It's a common little helper ingredient that helps water and oil to mix together. Especially, if it's dry, sensitive, easily irritated, often itchy or eczema prone. Can help to prevent inflammation in skin. An emollient and natural moisturizer that can be found also in the sebum (oily stuff our skin produces). It smells like an oil, nothing special to report here. Join the WIMJ community to get skincare help and use personalized You can read all about the pure form here. We do a Best of INCIDecoder email once a month with the most interesting products and ingredients we bump into. Prunus Amygdalus Dulcis (Sweet Almond) Oil, Retinyl Palmitate, Jasminum Officinale (Jasmine) Flower/Leaf Extract, Aqua/Water/Eau, Caprylic/Capric Triglyceride, Glycerin, Retinol, Polysorbate-20, Laureth-23, Cetyl Palmitate, Trideceth-6 Phosphate, Phenoxyethanol, Sodium Hydroxide, Ceramide NP, Squalane, Simmondsia Chinensis (Jojoba) Seed Oil, Helianthus Annuus (Sunflower) Seed Oil, Tocopherol, Tocopheryl Acetate, Tetrahexyldecyl Ascorbate, C12-15 Alkyl Benzoate, Sorbitan Laurate, C18-36 Acid Glycol Ester, C18-36 Acid Triglyceride, Palmitoyl Tripeptide-1, Palmitoyl Tetrapeptide-7, Vaccinium Macrocarpon (Cranberry) Seed Oil, Borago Officinalis Seed Oil. The following ingredient is doing the exfoliating job in this product: retinol. Chemically speaking, it comes from the attachment of sorbitan (a dehydrated sorbitol (sugar) molecule) with the fatty acid Lauric Acid, that creates a partly water (the sorbitan part) and partly oil soluble (lauric part) molecule. I dont like the texture and I am not convinced I get any relevant Retinol Action from using it. Second, because it's oil-soluble, its skin penetration abilities seem to be great. The evidence that RP is still an effective anti-aging ingredient is not very strong, in fact, it's weak. So what the heck is a wax ester and why is that important anyway? The conversion is a 3 step one and looks like this: retinyl palmitate --> retinol -- > retinaldehyde --> all-trans-retinoic acid. tools, Pixi Beauty Overnight Retinol Oil 1.01 Fl Oz, Three steps removed from the active form of vitamin A - retinoic acid. PIXI Overnight Retinol Oil renews skin overnight for a youth-enhancing effect. The emollient plant oil that comes from almonds. This exquisite oil blend helps to restore skin plumpness and improve the appearance of fine lines and pores. So this all sounds really great, but these are only in-vitro results at this point. I, (unpaid advertisement bc brand linked/purchased my, (unpaid advertisement bc brand linked/PR/gifted), Do you think you are at risk for Vitamin D deficie, (unpaid advertisement bc brands linked/PR/gifted), Are you grey already?

Its not something new: it was introduced around 1950 and today it can be used up to 1% worldwide. We recommend that you do not rely solely on the information presented on our Web or Mobile sites and that you review the product's label or contact the manufacturer directly if you have specific product concerns or questions. It's a type I collagen fragment that might be able to trick the skin to think that collagen broke down and it's time to create some new one. This product can help reduce breakouts and clogged pores because it contains the following This ingredient A white waxy solid that helps water and oilto mix nicely together (emulsifier). A four amino acid peptide that works by reducing the production of thesignal molecule,inteleukin-6 (IL-6) that promotes inflammation in the skin. It's very mild to both skin and eyes and spreads nicely and easily. Bottom line: a really promising, but not well-proven vitamin C derivative that can be worth a try especially if you like experimenting (but if you likethe tried and true, pure vitamin Cwill be your best bet). Ceramides make up 50% of the goopy stuff that's between our skin cells and play a super important role in having a healthy skin barrier and keeping the skin hydrated. So in my otc search, this is by far the best. Read my full review of Sunday Riley Luna Sleeping Oil here. Mother Nature created triglycerides to be easily hydrolyzed (bebroken down to a glycerin + 3 fatty acid molecules) and oxidized (the fatty acid is broken down into small parts) - this happens basically when we eat fats or oils and our body generates energy from it. Works in synergy with Vitamin C. A form of vitamin E that works as an antioxidant. Its comedogen index is 0, meaning that it's pretty much an all skin-type oil. Peptides are excellent moisturizers and might be able support collagen production reducing fine lines and wrinkles, A plant oil that can help neutralize free radicals, soften the upper layer of the skin, and support skin's barrier function, A plant oil that is effective in reducing irritation in skin, restore the barrier function and support its hydration, AHC - Hydrating Essential Real Eye Cream for Face, Algenist - ELEVATE Advanced Retinol Serum, Elizabeth Grant - Advanced Retinol Day Cream, Drunk Elephant - A-Passioni Retinol Cream Midi-Sized, "Pixi Overnight Retinol Oil This exquisite oil blend helps to restore skin plumpness and improve the appearance of fine lines. Would you like to visit our website in the ? It might also be useful for acne-prone skin as it normalizes keratinization. Acne.org has this not fully proven theory that thanks to this, jojoba might be able to "trick" the skin into thinking it has already produced enough sebum, so it might have "skin balancing" properties for oily skin. It can be used in many types of formulations as it has great thermal stability (can be heated up to 85C) and works on a wide range of pH levels (ph 3-10). Often used to help stabilise other ingredients or the formula itself. Truth be told, there are many great plant oils and sunflower oil is definitely one of them. I can feel all the benefits it brings to my face. The GHK part is the important one as it's a type I collagen fragment. The jasmine scent in this oil is so lovely. Comes from coconutor palm kernel oil. Prunus Amygdalus Dulcis (Sweet Almond) Oil, Retinyl Palmitate, Jasminum Officinale (Jasmine) Flower/Leaf Extract, Aqua/Water/Eau, Caprylic/Capric Triglyceride, Glycerin, Retinol, Polysorbate-20, Laureth-23, Cetyl Palmitate, Trideceth-6 Phosphate, Phenoxyethanol, Sodium Hydroxide, Ceramide NP, Squalane, Simmondsia Chinensis (Jojoba) Seed Oil, Helianthus Annuus (Sunflower) Seed Oil, Tocopherol, Tocopheryl Acetate, Tetrahexyldecyl Ascorbate, C12-15 Alkyl Benzoate, Sorbitan Laurate, C18-36 Acid Glycol Ester, C18-36 Acid Triglyceride, Palmitoyl Tripeptide-1, Palmitoyl Tetrapeptide-7, Vaccinium Macrocarpon (Cranberry) Seed Oil, Borago Officinalis Seed Oil. It's a small three amino acid (they are the building blocks of all proteins) peptide with the amino sequence ofglycine-histidine-lysine, or GHK. One of the most effective plant oils in helping skin hydration and repairing skin barrier function, Pure form of vitamin E. Can help moisturise and protect the skin from free radicals. (Many plant oils tend to go off pretty quickly). Please review the product labeling and consult with your doctor with any health or medical questions. Dont think because it work well at night you should wear it all day.

As f.c. My preferred way of using it was after applying a more watery serum formula as last step in my evening routine. No wonder its popular. You can read some more about the famous duo here. Naturally present in skin. Can you guess what? One dropper bottle contains 30 ml and retails for 24 $ on their homepage here. ", "Youll notice increased elasticity thanks to added Peptides and Ceramides as well as moisture thats released throughout the day for a long-lasting hydrated look and feel. When collagen naturally breaks down in the skin, the resulting peptide fragments signal to the skin that it should get to work and create some nice, new collagen. Its pretty much the current IT-preservative. I guess it's kinda funny but my biggest problem with this product is the price. It comes from coconut oil and glycerin, its light-textured, clear, odorless and non-greasy. My skin looks so pretty in the morning when I wear this. Multi-use glow palette featuring 9 natural mineral shades, Multi-use cream shade palette with 25 colours for lips & cheeks, The ultimate pro finish contouring palette, Highly pigmented eyeshadow palette with 25 shades, Unique 2-in-1 cleanser for the ultimate PM cleansing, Prunus Amygdalus Dulcis (Sweet Almond) Oil, Retinyl Palmitate, Jasminum Officinale (Jasmine) Flower/Leaf Extract, Aqua/Water/Eau, Caprylic/Capric Triglyceride, Glycerin, Retinol, Polysorbate-20, Laureth-23, Cetyl Palmitate, Trideceth-6 Phosphate, Phenoxyethanol, Sodium Hydroxide, Ceramide NP, Squalane, Simmondsia Chinensis (Jojoba) Seed Oil, Helianthus Annuus (Sunflower) Seed Oil, Tocopherol, Tocopheryl Acetate, Tetrahexyldecyl Ascorbate, C12-15 Alkyl Benzoate, Sorbitan Laurate, C18-36 Acid Glycol Ester, C18-36 Acid Triglyceride, Palmitoyl Tripeptide-1, Palmitoyl Tetrapeptide-7, Vaccinium Macrocarpon (Cranberry) Seed Oil, Borago Officinalis Seed Oil. You can unsubscribe at any time by clicking on the unsubscribe link in each email. It is said to be as effective but less irritating, but we dont have as much data on it as we have on the retinoids. The unfancy name for it is lye. Second, jojoba oil is the most similar to human sebum (both being wax esters), and the two are completely miscible. To increase the confusion some of you might feel after me going on about Retinylpalmitate and Retinol Sunday Riley Luna does not contain either of them. At 46 my skin looks good.

See how a store is chosen for you. It helps to smooth and even out skin tone. According to famous dermatologist, Leslie Baumann while tocopheryl acetate is more stable and has a longer shelf life, its also more poorly absorbed by the skin and may not have the same awesome photoprotective effects as pure Vit E. Tetrahexyldecyl Ascorbate is a stable, oil-soluble form of skincare big shot Vitamin C. If you do not know, why Vitamin C is such a big deal in skincare, click here and read all about it. This is one of the richer face oils, in fact too rich to be pleasant on my more combination skin. Works as an emollient to soften the skin and form a protective layer on its surface without a greasy feeling. Before we go and find out whatthe big deal withMatrixyl 3000 is, let's just focus onPalmitoyl Tripeptide-1 itself for a bit. Retinyl palmitate will be then little Prince George, quite far (3 steps) awayfrom the throne. Instytutum RetinOil is similar oily in texture, I experienced again no irritation but also the results werent strong enough for my personal needs. Please turn it on for better website experience. Healthy Rewards. Sorbitan Laurate is a good team player that likes to work with many other emulsifiers and. This exquisite oil blend helps to restore skin plumpness and improve the appearance of fine lines and pores. You have your JavaScript turned off. Its the most commonly used version of pure vitamin E in cosmetics. Our receiving department does its best to verify and then enter the correct expiration dates for all incoming products. It looks like you are accessing this site from outside the United States. You WILL breakout. It's a really promising candidate (see below), but while reading all the goodness about it in a minute, do not forget that derivatives not only haveto be absorbed into the skin but also have to beconverted to pure vitamin C (ascorbic acid or AA) and the efficacy of the conversion is often unknown.

If the item details above arent accurate or complete, we want to know about it. Read my full review of Sunday Riley Luna Sleeping Oil here, Read my full review of the Instytutum RetinOil here. One more thing: the water used in cosmetics is purified and deionized (it means that almost all of the mineral ions inside it is removed). Is likely to require a higher concentration in a product than pure vitamin C to be effective. is drying. In addition, the Shipping Weight may be adjusted for the Dimensional Weight (e.g. In fact,Laureth-23 is mostly water-soluble acting as a solubilizer for dissolving small amounts of oily things into water-based formulas. Du kannst deine Zustimmung jederzeit widerrufen, indem du den den Button Zustimmung widerrufen klickst. It's also loaded withfatty acids(mostly linoleic (50-74%) and oleic (14-35%)). It still often shows up in the ingredient list of soaps and other cleansers. free radicals in skin. It seems that there is a study showing RP being photo protective against UVB rays but there is also a study showingRP causing DNA damage and cytotoxicity in association with UVA. Good old water, aka H2O. This means it is less potent than retinol, but could also be less irritating. As such, these products will reflect a higher Shipping Weight compared to the unprotected product. Ceramide NP provides time-release moisture. It contains Hydroxypinacolone Retinoate (or granactive retinoid), which works on the same receptors, but in a different way. BTW, lye is not something new. Well, to understand what a wax ester is, you first have to know that oils are chemically triglycerides:one glycerin + three fatty acids attached to it. Retinol is also a very famous member of the family, but it's like Prince William,two steps away from the throne. By steps, we mean metabolic steps. Probably one of my favorite skincare products ! An ingredient that helps water and oil to mix together, aka emulsifier. within deeper layers of the skin. Dr. Leslie Baumann in her fantastic Cosmetic Dermatologybook writes that RP is topically ineffective. It's known and grown for jojoba oil, the golden yellow liquid coming from the seeds (about 50% of the weight of the seeds will be oil). Dr. Leslie Baumann wrote a great review of the debate and summarized the research available about retinyl palmitatehere. Has shown to help calm down inflammation in skin. :) You are almost done: please check your mailbox to confirm your email! *Customer reviews and ratings solely reflect the views and opinions of the individual contributors and are not created or endorsed by CVS Pharmacy. Free Deluxe Travel Size Sample on every order. Pure Vitamin E. Great antioxidant that gives significant photoprotection against UVB rays. First, it is stable (if pH < 5), easy to formulate and a joy to work with for a cosmetic chemist. Provides wonderful hydration without being heavy. Tretinoin, aka retinoic acid,is the active ingredient our skin cells can understand and retinyl palmitate (RP)has to be converted by our metabolic machinery to actually do something. Our intro did get pretty big after all (sorry for that), so let's get to the point finally: sunflower oil - similar to other plant oils - is a great emollient that makes the skin smooth and nice and helps to keep it hydrated. It also protects the surface of the skin and enhances the damaged or irritated skin barrier. Like crazy stable. Prunus Amygdalus Dulcis (Sweet Almond) Oil, Jasminum Officinale (Jasmine) Flower/Leaf Extract, Vaccinium Macrocarpon (Cranberry) Seed Oil, Jasminum Officinale (Jasmine) Flower/Leaf Extract, As we wrote in our lengthy retinol description, summarized the research available about retinyl palmitatehere, Read all the geeky details about Glycerin here >>, Read all the geeky details about Retinol here >>, Acne.org has this not fully proven theory, Read all the geeky details about Tocopherol here >>, You can read all about the pure form here, manufacturer's in-vivo (made on real people) test, A natural moisturizer thats also in our skin, A super common, safe, effective and cheap molecule used for more than 50 years, Not only a simple moisturizer but knows much more: keeps the skin lipids between our skin cells in a healthy (liquid crystal) state, protects against irritation, helps to restore barrier, Effective from as low as 3% with even more benefits at higher concentrations up to 20-40% (around 10% is a good usability-effectiveness sweet spot), High-glycerin moisturizers are awesome for treating severely dry skin, Retinol (pure Vitamin A) is probably the most proven anti-aging ingredient available OTC, It has to be converted in the skin to retinoic acid to work its magic, Once converted, it has the same effect as all-trans-retinoic acid, aka tretinoin, A generally accepted ballpark number is that retinol is 10-to-20 times less potent than retinoic acid, It makes skin less wrinkled, smoother, firmer and tighter, It might also be helpful for acne prone skin as it normalizes keratinization and makes the pores produce less sebum, Possible side effects and irritation are also much less than with retinoic acid, Primary fat-soluble antioxidant in our skin, Significant photoprotection against UVB rays, Vit C + Vit E work in synergy and provide great photoprotection, Easy to formulate, stable and relatively inexpensive, 39.4% reduction in surface occupied by deep wrinkles, 19.9% reduction in main wrinkle average depth.

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